a_short_treatise_on_head_wear_ancient_and_modern
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| + | ON<br /> | ||
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| + | * HEAD * WEAR *<br /> | ||
| + | |||
| + | ANCIENT AND MODERN,</ | ||
| + | |||
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| + | under civilized conditions of life, we find that in one | ||
| + | form or another he has made use of some artificial contrivance | ||
| + | to protect his head.</ | ||
| + | |||
| + | < | ||
| + | against the necessity of the hat, by giving to the head a | ||
| + | thick and abundant covering of hair, but, instead of considering | ||
| + | this as an indication that the head required no | ||
| + | other protection, mankind seems rather to have regarded | ||
| + | it as a hint to keep this most important part of the body | ||
| + | well covered.</ | ||
| + | |||
| + | < | ||
| + | and surmounting all the rest, it is only natural to find that | ||
| + | from the earliest times special care and attention has been | ||
| + | given to its adornment& | ||
| + | rich bands of gold and silver being used at different periods | ||
| + | to decorate it.</ | ||
| + | |||
| + | < | ||
| + | to designate the rank and character of the wearer: As the | ||
| + | Monarch by his crown, the Cardinal by his red hat, which | ||
| + | betokens his readiness to spill his blood at any time for the | ||
| + | sake of Christ, and the court fool by his cap with bells. In | ||
| + | <span class=" | ||
| + | the peaceful Quaker or the quiet man of letters.</ | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class=" | ||
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| + | < | ||
| + | < | ||
| + | been various, stuffs of every kind and color having entered | ||
| + | into their composition. The birds have been robbed | ||
| + | of their brilliant plumage, the beasts of the field of their | ||
| + | wool and hair. Amphibious creatures have yielded their | ||
| + | fur, while the mines of the earth have given up precious | ||
| + | metals and stones. All these have been used by man to | ||
| + | make a suitable covering for his august head. Felt | ||
| + | hats are by far the most ancient, silk hats being of quite | ||
| + | recent introduction. They were known in Florence about | ||
| + | a century ago, but were not introduced into France until | ||
| + | 1825.</ | ||
| + | |||
| + | < | ||
| + | It occurred in this manner: While on one of his | ||
| + | charity missions, becoming weary and foot-sore, he took off | ||
| + | his sandals to ease his feet, which were all bruised from | ||
| + | long walking over rough roads. While resting by the wayside | ||
| + | an opportunity was afforded him of rescuing a little | ||
| + | lamb from the cruel clutches of a wily fox that was pursuing | ||
| + | it. The grateful little creature jumped round him and | ||
| + | licked his hand for joy, and it was in fondling it that <abbr title=" | ||
| + | Clement observed some loose wool, which he gathered.</ | ||
| + | |||
| + | < | ||
| + | struck him that it would be good to bind up the wounds | ||
| + | on his feet with. No sooner was it thought than done, and | ||
| + | he found it so soothing that he immediately resumed his | ||
| + | journey.</ | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class=" | ||
| + | < | ||
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| + | |||
| + | <p class=" | ||
| + | |||
| + | <p>At night when he came to remove his sandals he was | ||
| + | surprised to find, instead of fine, soft wool, a piece of cloth, | ||
| + | so firm and thick that he could not pull it apart. This was | ||
| + | <span class=" | ||
| + | the craft. (However, it is only fair to state that, according | ||
| + | to some authorities, | ||
| + | that felting was known to the ancients long before the | ||
| + | time of <abbr title=" | ||
| + | |||
| + | <hr class=" | ||
| + | |||
| + | < | ||
| + | cap such as is seen on figures representing the goddess of | ||
| + | liberty. Hoods, also, of various shapes, date back long | ||
| + | before hats appeared, the latter for a long time only being | ||
| + | employed as an article of extra clothing in winter, worn | ||
| + | over the hood or when going on a journey.</ | ||
| + | |||
| + | <hr class=" | ||
| + | |||
| + | < | ||
| + | were worn, like from Figures <a href="# | ||
| + | rise to a great height above the head, and then descend | ||
| + | very low upon the chest in the shape of lappets. Those of | ||
| + | the priests and of their attendants were often loaded with | ||
| + | a profusion of symbolical decorations, | ||
| + | lotus leaves and other natural products.</ | ||
| + | |||
| + | <p>In religious processions it was common to wear masks | ||
| + | that covered the whole head and neck down to the shoulders. | ||
| + | These represented the heads and busts of various | ||
| + | sacred animals, such as the ibis, hawk, bull, dog and ram.</ | ||
| + | |||
| + | <hr class=" | ||
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| + | < | ||
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| + | |||
| + | < | ||
| + | by the ancient Greeks when on a journey. Hats with brims | ||
| + | were also worn by them, though some authorities claim | ||
| + | <span class=" | ||
| + | it being confined to youths, workmen and slaves. | ||
| + | The < | ||
| + | sometimes worn as a lining to the helmet. It was adopted | ||
| + | by the Romans at their public games and festivals by those | ||
| + | who had once been slaves, and by the aged and infirm for | ||
| + | sake of warmth.</ | ||
| + | |||
| + | < | ||
| + | went bareheaded, except at sacred rites, games, festivals, | ||
| + | and when at war.</ | ||
| + | |||
| + | < | ||
| + | and Cæsar, mighty conqueror though he was, yet | ||
| + | could not make nature add one single hair to his very | ||
| + | scanty supply, is said to have prized the honor of wearing | ||
| + | a laurel crown above all the other dignities conferred | ||
| + | upon him by the senate, as it served to conceal his | ||
| + | weakness.</ | ||
| + | |||
| + | <p>In the city, to screen themselves from the heat, rain or | ||
| + | wind, the Romans frequently threw the folds of their robe | ||
| + | over their heads, but if they met any one to whom they | ||
| + | owed respect, they immediately let the folds drop and remained | ||
| + | bareheaded.</ | ||
| + | |||
| + | < | ||
| + | while Fig. <a href="# | ||
| + | Fig. <a href="# | ||
| + | hat of to-day. Fig. <a href="# | ||
| + | its own for so many centuries.</ | ||
| + | |||
| + | <hr class=" | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class=" | ||
| + | < | ||
| + | <div class=" | ||
| + | <a id=" | ||
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| + | <p class=" | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | |||
| + | <p class=" | ||
| + | |||
| + | < | ||
| + | heads covered. In China the men wear hats in shape and | ||
| + | size resembling large umbrellas, like Figs. <a href="# | ||
| + | <span class=" | ||
| + | of beautifully wrought cane-work and often have pictures | ||
| + | of birds and flowers painted upon them. They also have | ||
| + | another cap, which though richer in material is not so | ||
| + | graceful. It is similar in shape to Fig. <a href="# | ||
| + | velvet with a blue silk centre and a red tassel surmounting | ||
| + | the top. The distinctive mark of different ranks among | ||
| + | the mandarins consists in the color and value of the button | ||
| + | worn on the cap. Figs. <a href="# | ||
| + | head-dress worn by the Japanese when going forth to | ||
| + | battle. In Arabia, notwithstanding the heat of the climate, | ||
| + | the men wear a most preposterous head-dress. Frequently | ||
| + | fifteen cloth or linen caps are worn one over the | ||
| + | other, the upper one being gorgeously embroidered in gold | ||
| + | with a sentence from the Koran worked upon it. Not satisfied | ||
| + | with this curious coiffure they add to it by wrapping | ||
| + | around the outer cap a large piece of muslin ornamented | ||
| + | at the ends with silk or golden fringe, which stream loosely | ||
| + | on the shoulders.</ | ||
| + | |||
| + | <p>A plume of white heron’s feathers is the distinctive | ||
| + | badge of a chief among the Uzbek Tartars.</ | ||
| + | |||
| + | < | ||
| + | height being a mark to denote the rank of the wearer. | ||
| + | In color it is generally of the most brilliant hue, and of | ||
| + | richly embroidered materials. Great taste and ingenuity | ||
| + | are exercised in the manner of twisting it around the head | ||
| + | so as to make the folds appear as graceful as possible. | ||
| + | The different turbans on page <a href="# | ||
| + | various shapes they can be made to assume.</ | ||
| + | |||
| + | < | ||
| + | are alone allowed the high honor of adorning their | ||
| + | heads with green turbans.</ | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class=" | ||
| + | < | ||
| + | <div class=" | ||
| + | <a id=" | ||
| + | <p class=" | ||
| + | <p class=" | ||
| + | <p class=" | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | |||
| + | <p class=" | ||
| + | |||
| + | < | ||
| + | <p>On page <a href="# | ||
| + | Figs. <a href="# | ||
| + | continent have done for themselves in the way of head | ||
| + | adornment, entirely unaided by fashion or the knowledge | ||
| + | of what their brothers in other parts of the world were | ||
| + | wearing. Fig. <a href="# | ||
| + | is quite as grotesque in design as anything the | ||
| + | wild tribes of Africa could devise.</ | ||
| + | |||
| + | <p>At one time the Turks had a law by which none but | ||
| + | themselves could wear turbans of rich texture. Their | ||
| + | Greek subjects were condemned to wear dark cotton caps | ||
| + | as a mark of their servitude. Armenians were compelled | ||
| + | to appear in ridiculous-looking balloon-shaped caps, while | ||
| + | the Jews were only permitted to wear brimless caps resembling | ||
| + | inverted flower-pots. Later on, the Sultan issued a | ||
| + | decree that all of his subjects should wear a red fez instead | ||
| + | of their turbans. This law was received with the most determined | ||
| + | and indignant opposition. So obnoxious to their | ||
| + | feelings was this change, that the discontented party set | ||
| + | fire to the houses of all those who favored it, and though | ||
| + | finally the Sultan’s wishes passed into a law, it was years | ||
| + | before many of his subjects became reconciled to it. Fig. <a href="# | ||
| + | shows a turban worn by one of the Sultans; Fig. <a href="# | ||
| + | of the people. Figs. <a href="# | ||
| + | samples of Russian hats. In some parts of that country | ||
| + | the head-covering of the people is made of birch bark and | ||
| + | plaited grasses; but fur is the material most commonly | ||
| + | used. The prevailing male head-dress of the inhabitants | ||
| + | of Asia Minor appears to be the Phrygian bonnet, of which | ||
| + | the characteristic features with them are its point on top, | ||
| + | bent forward, and its long flaps descending on the shoulders. | ||
| + | This style of hat was worn for many centuries, and | ||
| + | traveled as far west as Venice, where the Doge always | ||
| + | wore one.</ | ||
| + | |||
| + | <hr class=" | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class=" | ||
| + | < | ||
| + | <div class=" | ||
| + | <a id=" | ||
| + | <p class=" | ||
| + | <p class=" | ||
| + | <p class=" | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | <p class=" | ||
| + | |||
| + | < | ||
| + | <p>As a part of defensive armor the hat became the helmet, | ||
| + | which has changed but little in shape from the earliest | ||
| + | times. Very elaborate and fantastic were some of the | ||
| + | early forms, with their double or two-story heads, Figs. <a href="# | ||
| + | and 47</ | ||
| + | workmanship, | ||
| + | helmets being entirely covered with chasing and designs | ||
| + | of the most intricate character. With the Greeks and | ||
| + | Romans the subject of armor was one of importance, and | ||
| + | from their ancient monuments we can learn much of their | ||
| + | form and beauty. Page <a href="# | ||
| + | worn during the middle ages.</ | ||
| + | |||
| + | <hr class=" | ||
| + | |||
| + | <p>In Spain serious disturbances took place in Madrid in | ||
| + | the eighteenth century over an attempt being made to | ||
| + | banish the < | ||
| + | of hats has been undergoing changes, in Spain the same | ||
| + | shapes are worn year after year, with but little modification. | ||
| + | Page <a href="# | ||
| + | which are Mexican, show several forms of Spanish hats. | ||
| + | Fig. <a href="# | ||
| + | traveling about.</ | ||
| + | |||
| + | < | ||
| + | a judge; Figs. <a href="# | ||
| + | shows a Teutonic fool’s cap decorated with bells.</ | ||
| + | |||
| + | <hr class=" | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class=" | ||
| + | < | ||
| + | <div class=" | ||
| + | <a id=" | ||
| + | <p class=" | ||
| + | <p class=" | ||
| + | <p class=" | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | <p class=" | ||
| + | |||
| + | <p>In France the clothing of the head has long been a subject | ||
| + | of special consideration, | ||
| + | <span class=" | ||
| + | other countries mentioned, hoods were worn, but when | ||
| + | Charles <abbr title=" | ||
| + | he wore a hat lined with red velvet and surmounted with a | ||
| + | rich plume of feathers. From this date hats and caps became | ||
| + | general throughout France.</ | ||
| + | |||
| + | <p>A curious appendage that was worn with the hat for | ||
| + | many years was like Fig. <a href="# | ||
| + | stuff which was fastened to one side of the hat, the other | ||
| + | end being thrown over the left shoulder. This band was | ||
| + | often held in the hand and the hat allowed to fall off from | ||
| + | the head and rest on the back.</ | ||
| + | |||
| + | < | ||
| + | Fig. <a href="# | ||
| + | back, and in front was buttoned close up to the chin. | ||
| + | Some gallants twisted the tails into all sorts of fantastic | ||
| + | forms and carelessly poised them on the top of the head. | ||
| + | With the shaven faces that were always worn with this | ||
| + | hood, the men all looked very much like monks. It was | ||
| + | fear of this appearance that induced Francis <abbr title=" | ||
| + | fashion of velvet caps in his kingdom. Fig. 67 represents | ||
| + | a French military hat. For the past fifty years the high | ||
| + | silk hat has been the most popular style in France.</ | ||
| + | |||
| + | <p>At one time there was a law in France which compelled | ||
| + | all bankrupt Jews to wear a green hat, so that people might | ||
| + | avoid losses by trading with them. The slang expression | ||
| + | “Do you see anything green about me,” is said to have | ||
| + | derived its origin from this circumstance.</ | ||
| + | |||
| + | <hr class=" | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class=" | ||
| + | < | ||
| + | <div class=" | ||
| + | <a id=" | ||
| + | <p class=" | ||
| + | <p class=" | ||
| + | <p class=" | ||
| + | <p class=" | ||
| + | <p class=" | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | <p class=" | ||
| + | |||
| + | < | ||
| + | for their heads than their long flowing hair, which they | ||
| + | <span class=" | ||
| + | about the eighth century, it was in the form of a cap made | ||
| + | most likely from the undressed skin of animals. The | ||
| + | Britons, at the time of the invasion of Cæsar, wore on | ||
| + | their heads a conical hat, which derived its name from the | ||
| + | cabin or hut in which they lived, it strongly resembling it in | ||
| + | shape. Helmets, with a projecting piece in front called a | ||
| + | nasal, were worn by the early Briton warriors. The nasal | ||
| + | was afterward discarded, as it was found to afford too | ||
| + | convenient a hold to the enemy of the wearer, Stephen, | ||
| + | at the siege of Lincoln, having been seized by the nasal of | ||
| + | his helmet and held a prisoner.</ | ||
| + | |||
| + | <p>It was not until after the Norman conquest that the use | ||
| + | of hats became general in England. “A hatte of bever” | ||
| + | was worn by some one of the nobles met at Clarendon | ||
| + | about the middle of the twelfth century, and in the “Canterbury | ||
| + | Tales” we hear mention of the merchant wearing | ||
| + | on his head a “Flaunderish bever hat.”</ | ||
| + | |||
| + | <p>In the fourteenth century we find a very peculiar kind | ||
| + | of head-gear popular in England, Figs. 70 and 72. First, | ||
| + | on the head is a close-fitting skull-cap, which is encircled | ||
| + | by a roll of cloth, flat like a band, or twisted turban-wise. | ||
| + | Above is another piece of cloth, cut and clipped around | ||
| + | the edges in all manner of queer shapes, the whole falling | ||
| + | around the head in a confused manner. Such hoods were | ||
| + | worn by the ancient Knights of the Garter, and are said to | ||
| + | have been borrowed from Italy.</ | ||
| + | |||
| + | <p>It is in this same century that for the first time in England | ||
| + | we find a feather in the hat, Fig. 75. It was stuck in | ||
| + | perfectly straight in front, as they had not as yet acquired | ||
| + | any grace in its adjustment.</ | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class=" | ||
| + | < | ||
| + | <div class=" | ||
| + | <a id=" | ||
| + | <p class=" | ||
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| + | <p class=" | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | <p class=" | ||
| + | |||
| + | < | ||
| + | < | ||
| + | hats and caps were worn. They were mostly made of velvet | ||
| + | and richly decorated with jewels, bands of gold or silver | ||
| + | lace and feathers. A writer of that time describes them | ||
| + | thus: “They wear them sharpe on the crowne, peaking up | ||
| + | like the speare or shaft of a steeple, standing a quarter of | ||
| + | a yard above the crowne of the head. Some others are | ||
| + | flatte and broade on the crowne like the battlements of a | ||
| + | house. Another sort have round corners, sometimes with | ||
| + | one sort of band, sometimes another; now black, now | ||
| + | white, now russet, now red, now green, now yellow, now | ||
| + | this, now that& | ||
| + | two days to an end; and thus they spend the Lord’s | ||
| + | treasure consuming their golden years and silver days | ||
| + | in wickedness and sin.” Those must have been glorious | ||
| + | days for the hatter when the fashions changed so rapidly | ||
| + | that men were obliged to buy a new hat every two or | ||
| + | three days.</ | ||
| + | |||
| + | < | ||
| + | lower classes to wear on the Sabbath a cap of peculiar | ||
| + | shape and make.</ | ||
| + | |||
| + | < | ||
| + | early part of the eighteenth century, was principally | ||
| + | effected by the large riding-hoods worn at that time, which | ||
| + | he put on, along with his wife’s dress and cloak. Such | ||
| + | hoods were ever after called Nithsdales.</ | ||
| + | |||
| + | <p>On page <a href="# | ||
| + | English hats. Figs. 76 and 78 belonged to the clergy. Fig. | ||
| + | 77 is a Scottish bonnet.</ | ||
| + | |||
| + | <hr class=" | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class=" | ||
| + | < | ||
| + | <div class=" | ||
| + | <a id=" | ||
| + | <p class=" | ||
| + | <p class=" | ||
| + | <p class=" | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | <p class=" | ||
| + | |||
| + | < | ||
| + | <span class=" | ||
| + | narrow in the crown, with a broad brim (Fig. 83). The | ||
| + | Cavalier of the same era wore a low, broad-crowned | ||
| + | hat with a feather stuck on one side. The principal | ||
| + | changes that have taken place in hats from time to | ||
| + | time have been in the height of the crown and in | ||
| + | the width of the brim. As this latter became wider it | ||
| + | led to the device of looping it up, and thus originated | ||
| + | the cocked hat that was worn during the eighteenth | ||
| + | century.</ | ||
| + | |||
| + | <p>To all Americans this hat brings patriotic recollections | ||
| + | of revolutionary days& | ||
| + | wore cocked hats. On page <a href="# | ||
| + | the “Minute Man.” Also one worn, Fig. 79, during the | ||
| + | good old Knickerbocker days. Fig. 84 shows the style | ||
| + | of hat worn by Kossuth when on a visit to this country in | ||
| + | 1851. Previous to this time the only hat made for gentlemen | ||
| + | was the high silk hat and cloth caps for boys, but | ||
| + | a few weeks after Kossuth’s appearance in the country | ||
| + | thousands of hats similar to his were sold, the demand for | ||
| + | them being universal. Since then soft and stiff felt hats | ||
| + | have been brought to perfection in quality and style in | ||
| + | this country far superior to any made abroad. This was | ||
| + | shown in our Centennial Exhibition, in 1876, by Dunlap & | ||
| + | Co. receiving the first prize for their productions over all | ||
| + | competition of foreign and domestic manufactures. Figs. | ||
| + | 86, 87, 88 are three different styles of high hats worn about | ||
| + | fifty years ago. In the latter part of the eighteenth | ||
| + | century the gaudy ornaments of lace, jewels, feathers, | ||
| + | & | ||
| + | place to the sober black band and simple buckle, and | ||
| + | when that, too, had its day and passed away, the hats | ||
| + | <span class=" | ||
| + | better taste and more in keeping with their use than | ||
| + | were those of old.</ | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class=" | ||
| + | <div class=" | ||
| + | <a id=" | ||
| + | <p class=" | ||
| + | <p class=" | ||
| + | <p class=" | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | <p class=" | ||
| + | |||
| + | < | ||
| + | < | ||
| + | of covering the head, but from remote time have played | ||
| + | their part in many important actions in life. Among the | ||
| + | Romans the hat was the symbol of liberty, and slaves were | ||
| + | presented with one on receiving their freedom. The | ||
| + | Quaker hat dates from the origin of the sect in the middle | ||
| + | of the seventeenth century, Fig. 80. After the assassination | ||
| + | of Cæsar coins were issued by Brutus and Cassius, on | ||
| + | which was represented a cap between two daggers. Even | ||
| + | at a later period the hat or cap was identified with liberty | ||
| + | as in the republic of the Netherlands. After the emancipation | ||
| + | from Spain a hat became their national emblem, while | ||
| + | we all know the part Gessler’s hat played in gaining for | ||
| + | the Swiss their freedom. The common practice of doffing | ||
| + | the hat when meeting a friend is thought to be a | ||
| + | modification of the ancient custom of unclothing some | ||
| + | part of the body when in the presence of one to whom respect | ||
| + | was due.</ | ||
| + | |||
| + | < | ||
| + | can give you a true estimate of the character of the man.</ | ||
| + | |||
| + | < | ||
| + | is certainly true that the material and style of one’s dress | ||
| + | does, to a large degree, denote the wearer’s character; and | ||
| + | especially is this so of hats and the manner in which they | ||
| + | are worn.</ | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class=" | ||
| + | < | ||
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| + | </ | ||
| + | <p class=" | ||
| + | |||
| + | < | ||
| + | very fastidious in regard to his head wear, buying only the | ||
| + | finest quality of hat, while a coarse nature will be satisfied | ||
| + | <span class=" | ||
| + | also can generally be picked out by his hat, it being something | ||
| + | substantial and good of its kind, while the man of | ||
| + | mean and parsimonious habits will usually have a hat to | ||
| + | correspond with his dwarfed nature.</ | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class=" | ||
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| + | </ | ||
| + | <p class=" | ||
| + | |||
| + | <p>We have now followed a few of the changes that hats | ||
| + | have undergone from the earliest times to the present, and | ||
| + | would bring our remarks to a close with a notice of | ||
| + | the house of R. Dunlap & Co., which was founded by Mr. | ||
| + | Robert Dunlap in 1857, who opened a small store November | ||
| + | 14, at 557 Broadway, between Spring and Prince | ||
| + | streets, and by originality of designs and selling the finest | ||
| + | class of hats, he soon became the popular hatter of the | ||
| + | city. Two years later, in 1859, Mr. Paran Stevens, the | ||
| + | Napoleon of hotel-keepers, | ||
| + | a store under the Fifth Avenue Hotel, which was just then | ||
| + | completed, and who desired only those as tenants who sold | ||
| + | the best goods in their line. At this time the hotel, situated | ||
| + | at the corner of Twenty-third street and Fifth avenue, | ||
| + | was considered very far up town, and it was predicted that | ||
| + | Dunlap’s venture would be a failure; but the young and | ||
| + | enterprising hatter soon became the leading hatter of the | ||
| + | country. The firm remained there for twelve years, and | ||
| + | then removed to their present location, at 178 and 180 Fifth | ||
| + | avenue. Finding the demand for their hats increasing | ||
| + | from the residents of Brooklyn, Jersey City and surrounding< | ||
| + | suburbs, in 1876 they moved their store from 557 to | ||
| + | 179 Broadway, near Cortlandt street, as their down-town | ||
| + | store.</ | ||
| + | |||
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| + | < | ||
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| + | |||
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| + | |||
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| + | < | ||
| + | <div class=" | ||
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| + | <p class=" | ||
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| + | </ | ||
| + | <p class=" | ||
| + | |||
| + | < | ||
| + | < | ||
| + | increase their manufacturing facilities by the erection of a | ||
| + | large factory on Seventh avenue, New York, where all the | ||
| + | silk and opera hats are made, and a straw-hat factory at | ||
| + | 132 and 134 South Fifth avenue, New York, and also the | ||
| + | erection of one of the largest and most complete felt hat | ||
| + | factories in this country at the corner of Park and Nostrand | ||
| + | avenues, Brooklyn.</ | ||
| + | |||
| + | < | ||
| + | the firm to open a branch store under the Palmer | ||
| + | House, Chicago, about three years ago, which has proved | ||
| + | a grand success; also, quite recently, they have opened an | ||
| + | elegant store on Chestnut street, Philadelphia. Besides | ||
| + | their own stores in New York, Chicago and Philadelphia, | ||
| + | their celebrated hats are sold by authorized agents in all | ||
| + | the principal cities of the United States, where the patrons | ||
| + | of the Dunlap hat can purchase their hats of the | ||
| + | same style, quality and price as sold by them in their own | ||
| + | stores.</ | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | <hr class=" | ||
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| + | </ | ||
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| + | |||
| + | <div class=" | ||
| + | <div class=" | ||
| + | <a id=" | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | </ | ||
a_short_treatise_on_head_wear_ancient_and_modern.txt · Last modified: 2021/09/08 20:43 by briancarnell